Robo-signing & AZ – What does it mean in Arizona?

Update: Bank of America is halting foreclosure in all states, including Arizona

robo signing azRobo-sign has been all the buzz. Chase and GMAC led the effort in halting its foreclosures in 23 states. They were quickly followed by Wells Fargo, and yesterday, Bank of America joined the cause. Robo-signing means that there were employees signing foreclosure paperwork without actually confirming or even understanding what they were signing. In one case, a woman at Chase bank signed off on 4000 foreclosure proceedings without verifying that Chase had complete authority to foreclose. It is important that the banks have clean title and authority prior to foreclosing.
According to the Washington Post,

In J.P. Morgan’s case, Mukri said the bank “determined that its affidavit procedures were non-compliant with foreclosure processing requirements in some states.” He added that although J.P. Morgan has fixed internal procedures, the “negative impact or harm to customers has not been determined at this point.”

So how does this affect us in Arizona? The states that have temporarily halted their foreclosures are states that use judicial foreclosure. Judicial foreclosure is when the banks go through the court system to foreclose. Unfortunately, AZ is not a judicial foreclosure state. We are a trustee sale state. Our foreclosures typically occur on courthouse steps or in an attorney’s office, not in the courtroom. Robo-signing will not help us in Arizona.

Deficiency Judgment From Foreclosure

Deficiency JudgmentI get many questions from clients regarding consequences of a short sale and foreclosure.  Specifically, many people are concerned about the tax burden and the deficiency judgment.  I found this helpful flow chart made by Diane Drain over at www.dianedrain.com.

One thing you will notice is that this chart shows a Trustee’s Sale is different than a Judicial Foreclosure.  Trustee Sales is what happens every day at the court house steps and in law offices.  These are by far the most common form of foreclosure.  The alternative is Judicial Foreclosure.  This is what happens the lender goes through the court room to foreclose.  For the most part, lenders don’t like this route for a couple of reasons.  One is that there is almost no benefit to them, and second, there is a redemption period, and that makes the waters too murky for the lenders.

So what does this table tell us?  Regardless of whether you are the owner occupant or you are an investor, as long as the property is a single family dwelling or duplex and on 2.5 acres or less, you will not have any deficiencies from any lenders if it goes through a trustee sale.  Any junior deeds of trusts get wiped out after a trustee sale.  Please note that these do not wipe out judgments or HOA liens.  The way it has been explained to me is that even if it’s a cash out refi or you bought 10 big yellow hummers, you’re fine as far as deficiency goes.  Uncle Sam will be knocking on your door for sure, though.

Now, if this is a situation where the home is on more than 2.5 acres or is neither a single family dwelling or duplex, then through a trustee sale, the lenders can come after you for the difference.  However, the Arizona Revised Statutes (ARS) state that the lender has 90 days to file, or else they’re out of luck.  We hear 6 or 7 years thrown out a lot, and it is simply untrue.

So what happens if the bank decides to go through a Judicial Foreclosure?  Well as long as the property sits on 2.5 acres or less, the home is single family or duplex, and all the debt is purchase money, you’re safe.  If even one of those is not true, then the distressed homeowner is subject to a deficiency.

So with all those questions answered, we now have to consider short sales.  It looks like anybody doing a short sale needs to ensure that their short sale approval letter states there won’t be any deficiency judgments.   In most of my short sale approvals, the language goes something like “Paid in full for less than the full balance.”

This is a lot of information to digest, so please feel free to comment below or contact me directly for clarification.  As always, I am not an attorney or an accountant.  Please do not make any legal or tax decisions based on the information here.  Please consult a lawyer and tax professional when you are ready to make any type of decision.

For the full flow chart, review the deficiency judgment flow chart.

Don’t flip out! Flips are ok!

tempe real estateIn our current real estate market, flips have become a daily part of our business in addition to bank owned properties and short sales. It is vital for your success to partner with a lender who understands flips and can successfully navigate the process.

WHAT IS CONSIDERED A ‘FLIP’?

The primary lender definition of a ‘flip’ is when the current seller has been on title for less than 90 days. A secondary definition is when there have been ‘multiple’ title transfers of a property within the last 12 months.

WHO CARES & WHY?

Your buyer’s lender cares. In the past, fraudulent flip transactions were used amongst family members or business partners to artificially increase the value of a property and ultimately sell the home to an end user at an over-inflated price. Parties to these scams were sellers, buyers, realtors, loan officers, appraisers and title companies. To avoid this fraudulent behavior in the future, investors and regulators have put in guidelines and safeguards to verify that any ‘flip’ transaction is bona fide.

DEED TRANSFERS

Before your buyer makes an offer on a property, it is vital to check the title history of the property. When did the seller take title? Have there been multiple deed transfers in the last 12 months? Has the price increased dramatically on the title transfers? If the county records do not give you updated information, you will want to ask the listing agent. Prior to the offer on a ‘flip’, call your lender and discuss the property. Your buyer’s lender will need to follow certain ‘flip’ guidelines.

FLIP INVESTORS

If your buyer is purchasing a ‘flip’, your lender will have only certain investors who will accept the loan and each have their own underwriting criteria for flip transactions. This criterion also differs whether the loan is FHA, Conventional or VA. The guidelines are too in-depth to cover in this newsletter. It is vital that you work with a lender who understands flips, knows which investors will loan on them and how to properly document the file for an approval. Interview the lender carefully to determine their understanding of the process and never use an unqualified or inexperienced lender on a flip!

APPRAISAL REQUIREMENTS

The appraisal requirements also differ between investors and are determined on the value increase of the property from the time of the seller’s purchase compared to your buyer’s purchase price, and also on what upgrades or renovations have been done. If the seller has done renovations, it may be required or helpful for the seller to provide documentation to the buyer’s lender on the work done. Oftentimes, a desk review or second appraisal will be required on a flip transaction. An educated and experienced lender will understand how to document your buyer’s file and manage the appraisal process so that required information is included in the appraisal.

Richard M. Jefferson, Sr. Mortgage Consultant

NMLS #25381

16150 N. Arrowhead Fountain Ctr., Suite 260    Peoria, AZ  85382

Phone: 480.444.7143   Direct Fax: 480.444.7193

rich.jefferson@onqfinancial.com /    www.richjefferson.com

FHA Mortgage Insurance to Increase

Tempe Homes FHAFHA just announced that effective September 7th, 2010, monthly mortgage insurance premiums (MIP) will increase from .55% to between .85% and .90%.  To counter this change, they will reduced the upfront mortgage insurance from 2.25% of the loan to 1% of the loan.

The announcement also mentioned that these changes are required because the funds for FHA is getting depleted, and they say it makes more sense to fill it back up monthly than with up front fees.

Of course these numbers don’t mean much until we see real world examples.  So the good news is that on a $100,000 loan, your initial fee of $2,250 is now reduced to $1000.  Some will argue that since it was added to the loan anyway that it’s not as relevant, but that $2250 can cost you about $15/mo and you will have to pay it back when you sell.  Now, your mortgage insurance premium will go up $19/mo due to the monthly increase.  So you save $1250, but you pay $19 more monthly, and that is offset by $9/mo (difference from financning $1000 versus $2250).  Ultimately, your mortgage goes up $10/mo on a $100,000 loan.

For $200,000, you go from $4500 to $2000 in up front premiums.  Your MIP goes up $38/mo.  It costs you $26/mo to finance that $4500, but only $12/mo to finance $2000.  So your payments go up effectively $24/mo ($38-$26+$12) while you save $2500.

I know the news was scary when it first came out, as you can see, it’s not all that bad, right?

Foreclosure waiting period updates

Fannie Mae now requires 7 years after foreclosure to obtain a new conventional loan. This new policy is to discourage Strategic Foreclosures. A shorter wait of 5 years may be possible if certain additional requirements are met. With documented “extenuating circumstances” a 3 year wait “may” be possible. FHA still allows buyers to purchase 3 years after foreclosure if the buyer meets all other FHA guidelines. At this time, there is no separate FHA policy on Strategic Foreclosures.

HAFA – Home Affordable Foreclosure Alternatives – 100% Disaster Guarantee

hafaHere is what we have seen and witnessed first-hand on why HAFA won’t work:

1)      It’s a government program.  Name one that works correctly and efficiently…do you need more elaboration?  Oh good because we’re going to.

2)      The seller must make mandatory “minimum” payments during the process.  Last time I checked the reason you do a short sale is because you have a hardship (I.E. no money, loss of income, etc.).  This is one of the key components of it where the seller makes the payments, the bank doesn’t get an offer (because of their idiot valuation techniques, see below) and then they foreclose.  Good thing they got a minimum payment from that seller for 3 months though (or longer).

3)      The “pre-approved” price – ah the golden ticket that makes life great for a realtor again right??? WRONG!!!! The pre-approved price has parameters (known as investor contractual restrictions) that state certain criteria such as, but not limited to, commission can only be 2% total (yes this is one investor that is participating guideline), no money for 2nd liens, they won’t pay recording fees, courier fees, HOA dues, HOA transfer, taxes, etc.  So who ends up paying this?  The seller with their 3k “incentive” (this most likely will just cover HOA dues or possibly the junior lien) and then the good ole greedy agents out there can pay the rest out of their commission (always a fun time).  Pre-approved…ha we were better off with the guessing game.  One other great investor contractual restriction (I wish I was making this up) is: The preapproved value must be 150% of what the fair market value is.

4)      Streamlined paperwork – government forms at their finest! 52 pages of government forms for the realtor and homeowner to fill out! Oh and don’t forget to send us all the other standard documentation (wow so streamlined).  And then there is the mighty catch….we lost a paystub, your file is declined. We lost the cover sheet to the fax, your declined.  Oh and here is the best part…if the seller doesn’t pick up the phone when the bank calls, the file is declined! Ain’t that rich! No wonder this will be streamlined, no short sales will ever be approved! Yay REO central here we come!

5)      The program will not work because there are too many variables, just like it’s very unsuccessful brother HAMP (the modification program). Through an investor, an investor’s investor, Mortgage Insurance (which may or may not participate…more to come on that later) and then Pool Mortgage Insurance and guess what….you have 4 cooks in the kitchen and the meatloaf was just burnt.

6)      Valuation for pre-approval/approval of short sale – they use ZILLOW!!! This is considered a “fair market value” appraisal technique.  Are you kidding me???  According to Zillow we would be rich…guess what we’re not rich!

7)      Once the home sits there for 90 days with no offers, bloop next day it can go to foreclosure! Yay America….we are on the road to recovery. What a joke.

Here is our most recent HAFA short sale (in all its streamlined glory)

Didn’t know this one was HAFA, sent all documentation like a normal short sale. Got everything in, reviewed, assigned to a processor, BPO ordered (on 4/9/10).  Called on 4/12/10, 4/15/10 and 4/19/10 and was told “This loan is HAFA congratulations.”  To which I respond “Oh god what does that mean for this investor?”

Here is what we are facing now:

Have an offer of 260k, according to their valuation technique (ZILLOW) the home is worth 315k.  Last sold comps are 240k, 250k, 270k, offer is within line.  They also tell us “Seller must make a minimum payment” (I’m thinking maybe 10% of mortgage around 200 bucks).  They tell us “This investor requires the seller to make their full payment every month during the short sale process (umm hello….really?? where is the incentive for the investor to take a short sale if the seller is paying their full mortgage payment every month).  Luckily on this one I don’t have a junior lien but there is HOA…and guess who is going to pay for it????

Needless to say, we are not impressed with this joke of a program.  I want to go back to the old days of banging my fist against the desk, not my head.  More to come on this late breaking government catastrophe.

If you’ve been “selected for HAFA” please contact me to fix your situation.

Don’t forget to bulldoze your house

A recent Ohio man had enough from his bank and bulldozed his house before the foreclosure.  Now, some may say that this is a controversial move.  In fact, 1 out of 1 persons in a recent poll said that it was the wrong thing to do.  Of course, that one person would be me.  So what led up to such a horrible action?

phoenix short sale

Why bulldoze when you can short sale?

Well, it turns out that he fell out of luck with the IRS, and as a result he fell out of luck with his bank.  I can certainly feel sympathy for the guy.  According to the story at http://www.wlwt.com/news/22600154/detail.html, he had an offer that would have allowed him to pay his debt off in full.  The bank decided that they could get more money at a foreclosure auction, and they decided to move forward with the foreclosure process.  Certainly the greed here was a major factor.

So what do we learn from this story?  Well, this guy is probably going to face some major jail time.  I can’t speak of Ohio laws, but in Arizona, we sign a contract stating that we will do our best to maintain the property’s value.  Last I checked, only in Michigan does scraping a house improve the property’s value.

The best thing to do if you’re facing a looming foreclosure is to avoid jail time.  That means that you should seriously consider a short sale instead of bulldozing your house.  Remember, you learned that lesson here.

ABC news says to walk away from your home

There’s a very interesting article from ABC news that suggests it’s ok to walk away from your home.  This is certainly controversial advice.  While some may want to stick it to the lenders, it is better in the long run to short sale your home.  FHA recently stated that they will allow you to purchase again immediately to take advantage of this market.  If you do go through the foreclosure route, you will be effectively out of the market for at least 3 years per FHA guidelines.  You can read this article here: http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/mortgage-defaults-expert-brent-white-tells-borrowers-walk-away/story?id=9802435

There is also a big lesson in this story.  Do NOT touch your retirement to placate the lenders.  The banks cannot touch your retirement in a short sale or a foreclosure, so why ruin your future?  As long as we are working towards your short sale, they will not foreclose on your home.  I hope that this provides some insight into the business, and if you need help, I want to help you.

The recession is over

Is that a bold statement? Yeah, probably. But I used very careful metrics to determine this. I am going to reveal it here because I trust that my readers can keep it secret. Ready?
Last night, my wife and I went to PF Chang’s for dinner. We were going to go Friday night, but it was over an hour wait, and I had an important poker game to host. So we decided to wait. When we showed up at the restaurant at around 7:30 last night, there was a 30 minute wait. Wall to wall, the place was packed. Stressed out servers were running back and forth to stay on top of things. Can you imagine? This is the huge PF Chang’s by Chandler mall. So this was the moment I knew. The recession is over!  Gone are the days of you and one other family at a restaurant looking at each other awkwardly over your menus.  We Americans can only control our spending for so long, and now it looks like the money is flowing again.
You can’t trust silly measurements like GDP growth/decline quarter of quarter. That takes too long. You read it here, folks!

Foreclosure prices close to bottom

ASU professor Karl Guntermann publishes a monthly Repeat Sales Index.  In that, he shows that the median price of a foreclosure has declined 2% in December year-over-year.  That compares 15% in October and 8% in November.  It is for this reason that he has decided that prices have bottomed out.  This data is very different than what we have seen with our own eyes.  Generally speaking, it is much harder to buy properties below $150k today than it was a year ago.  There is a lot of upward pressure at this price point and below because investors are cashflowing at these prices.  One of my clients bought a house for $30,000.  Today, there’s no way she gets it for less than $60,000.  To read more about it, please visit http://www.azcentral.com/business/realestate/articles/2010/01/28/20100128biz-guntermann0128.html.

Just added a BPO List

Some of the other agents have asked me how I got to where I am with foreclosure listings.  Well, like anything else, it was hard work.  We have to do many broker price opinions (BPOs), and as we do quality work, banks begin to trust us with their foreclosure properties.  Anyhow, I’ve created a page for other agents that are interested in doing BPOs.  Check out my BPO List.